Access HHRA and Heartland Study papers and presentations here. See our Blog for news and commentary, and our extensive project bibliography for a more complete list of relevant papers.

Heartland Study Publications
- Daggy JK, Haas DM, Yu Y, et al. Dicamba and 2,4-D in the urine of pregnant women in the Midwest: Comparison of two cohorts (2010–2012 vs. 2020–2022). Agrochemicals. 2024;3(1):42-56. doi:10.3390/agrochemicals3010005
- Jampa A, Moss KL, Flannery KM, et al. A latent class analysis of dietary intake in a midwestern United States pregnancy cohort. North American Proceedings in Gynecology & Obstetrics. 2024;3(3). doi:10.54053/001c.117382
- Freisthler M, Winchester PW, Young HA, Haas DM. Perinatal health effects of herbicides exposures in the United States: the Heartland Study, a Midwestern birth cohort study. BMC Public Health. 2023;23(1):2308. doi:10.1186/s12889-023-17171-9
- Larose J, Bienvenu JF, Bélanger P, Gaudreau É, Yu Y, Guise DM. New sensitive LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of 13 phenolic and carboxylic acid pesticide biomarkers in human urine, including dicamba. Chemosphere. 2023;344:140349. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140349
HHRA Publications
- Benbrook C, Mesnage R, Sawyer W. Genotoxicity assays published since 2016 shed new light on the oncogenic potential of glyphosate-based herbicides. Agrochemicals. 2023;2(1):47-68. doi:10.3390/agrochemicals2010005
- Benbrook C. Tracking pesticide residues and risk levels in individual samples—insights and applications. Environ Sci Eur. 2022;34(1):60. doi:10.1186/s12302-022-00636-w
- Freisthler MS, Robbins CR, Benbrook CM, et al. Association between increasing agricultural use of 2,4-D and population biomarkers of exposure: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001–2014. Environ Health. 2022;21(1):23. doi:10.1186/s12940-021-00815-x
- Benbrook C, Perry MJ, Belpoggi F, et al. Commentary: Novel strategies and new tools to curtail the health effects of pesticides. Environ Health. 2021;20(1):87. doi:10.1186/s12940-021-00773-4
- Benbrook C, Kegley S, Baker B. Organic farming lessens reliance on pesticides and promotes public health by lowering dietary risks. Agronomy. 2021;11(7):1266. doi:10.3390/agronomy11071266
- Benbrook CM, Benbrook R. A minimum data set for tracking changes in pesticide use. In: Herbicides. Elsevier; 2021:21-39. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-823674-1.00006-7
- Benbrook CM, Davis DR. The dietary risk index system: a tool to track pesticide dietary risks. Environ Health. 2020;19(1):103. doi:10.1186/s12940-020-00657-z
- Benbrook CM. How did the US EPA and IARC reach diametrically opposed conclusions on the genotoxicity of glyphosate-based herbicides? Environ Sci Eur. 2019;31(1):2. doi:10.1186/s12302-018-0184-7
- Parvez S, Gerona RR, Proctor C, et al. Glyphosate exposure in pregnancy and shortened gestational length: a prospective Indiana birth cohort study. Environ Health. 2018;17(1):23. doi:10.1186/s12940-018-0367-0
Heartland Study Presentations
- Moss KL, Daggy J, Flannery KM, Santillan DA, Santillan MK, Johnson PC, Haselby R, Wenzel L, Haas DM. The association of diet diversity and food deserts in a Midwest U.S. pregnancy cohort. Poster presentation at XXV FIGO World Congress of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 10/8/25-10/9/25, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Merriweather MD, Moss KL, Daggy J, Flannery KM, Santillan DA, Santillan MK, Johnson PC, Wenzel L, Haas DM. The association of diet diversity and social vulnerability in a Midwest U.S. pregnancy cohort. Poster presentation at XXV FIGO World Congress of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 10/5/25-10/9/25, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Moss KL, Daggy J, Flannery KM, Santillan DA, Santillan MK, Johnson PC, Haselby R, Wenzel L, Haas DM. Prevalence and correlation of pesticide exposure in a pregnant Midwest U.S. cohort. Oral presentation at XXV FIGO World Congress of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 10/7/25, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Philip CE, Santillan DS, Wenzel L, Flannery KM, Moss KL, Daggy J, Haas DM. The Impact of Social Vulnerability on Perceived Stress Across Pregnancy: From the Heartland Cohort. Poster presentation at XXV FIGO World Congress of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 10/5/25-10/9/25, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Jampa A, Moss KL, Daggy J, Guise D, Flannery KM. Latent class analysis of dietary intake and organic food consumption in a Midwest cohort of pregnant individuals. Poster presentation at Central Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. 2023, Nashville, TN, 10/26-27/2023.
- Haas DM, Moss KL, Faysal H, Yee LM, Silver RM Grobman WA. First trimester herbicide concentrations and gestational diabetes in nulliparas. Oral presentation at Central Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Annual Meeting, Indianapolis, IN 10/18/24.
- Larose J, Bienvenu JF, Belanger P, Gaudreau E, Yu Y, Guise DM. Development and Validation of a New Sensitive LC-MS/MS Method for the Simultaneous Determination of 13 Pesticide Biomarkers, including Dicamba, in Urine. Abstract 4.28.P-We-207. Poster presentation at SETAC North America 44th Annual Meeting. 11/12/23, Louisville, KY.
- Daggy JK, Haas DM, Yu Y, Monahan PO, Guise DM, Gaudreau E, Larose J, Benbrook C. Dicamba and 2,4-D Concentrations in the Urine of Pregnant Women in the Midwest Obtained in 2020-2022 and Compared to 2010-2012. Abstract 5.13.P-We-141. Poster presentation at SETAC North America 44th Annual Meeting. 11/12/23, Louisville, KY. https://setac.confex.com/setac/sna2023/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/18928
- Flannery KM, Haas DM. Expanding clinical research to rural residents. Poster presentation at IU Rural Conference 5/23/2023, French Lick, IN. https://rural.indiana.edu/events/2024-rural-conference.html
HHRA Presentations
- Charles Benbrook and Brian Baker, Comments presented to the USDA’s National Organics Standards Board, October 2024
- Comments to the NOSB on the Risk-Based Certification Discussion Document Under Consideration During the October 2024 Meeting in Portland, Oregon
- Written Comments on the NOSB Discussion Document “Residue Testing for the Global Supply Chain”
- Comments on the Inert Ingredients in Organic Pesticide Products Proposal dated August 13, 2024
- Presentations from the HHRA-moderated session “Herbicides and Birth Outcomes” at the 2022 annual meeting of the American Public Health Association
- “Dealing with the Public Health Consequences of the Herbicide Use Treadmill,” Annual Meeting of the Iowa Public Health Association, March 2023
- “Meet the Santillans: Co-PIs of the Heartland Study Site at the University of Iowa Hospital,” March 2023
- Charles Benbrook: “Herbicides and Public Health in Iowa – Elections Have Consequences,” National Farmers Union Pesticide Drift Workshop, December 2020
- “Introducing the Heartland Health Research Alliance,” November 2020
- “Glyphosate and Autism: Is the world’s #1 herbicide contributing to the autism epidemic?” November 2020